Spring Boot MyBatis 动态数据源常见问题和解决方法

December 31, 2017 · 482 words · 3 min

在使用 Spring Boot 和 MyBatis 动态切换数据源时遇到的问题以及解决方法

相关项目地址:https://github.com/helloworlde/SpringBoot-DynamicDataSource

1. org.apache.ibatis.binding.BindingException: Invalid bound statement (not found)

在使用了动态数据源后遇到了该问题,从错误信息来看是因为没有找到 *.xml 文件而导致的,但是在配置文件中 确实添加了相关的配置,这种错误的原因是因为设置数据源后没有设置SqlSessionFactoryBeantypeAliasesPackagemapperLocations属性或属性无效导致的;

  • 解决方法:

如果在应用的入口类中添加了 @SpringBootApplication(exclude = DataSourceAutoConfiguration.class), 在DataSourceConfigure类的中设置相关属性:

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mybatis")
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean() {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dynamicDataSource());
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
    }

或者直接配置(不推荐该方式):

    @Bean
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean() {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTypeAliasesPackage("typeAliasesPackage");
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources("mapperLocations"));
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dynamicDataSource());
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
    }

2. Consider marking one of the beans as @Primary, updating the consumer to accept multiple beans, or using @Qualifier to identify the bean that should be consumed

该异常在错误信息中已经说的很清楚了,是因为有多个 DataSource 的实例,所以无法确定该引用那个实例

  • 解决方法:

为数据源的某个 Bean 添加 @Primary 注解,该 Bean 应当是通过 DataSourceBuilder.create().build() 得到的 Bean,而不是通过 new AbstractRoutingDataSource 的子类实现的 Bean,在本项目中可以是 master()slave() 得到的 DataSource,不能是 dynamicDataSource() 得到的 DataSource

3. 通过注解方式动态切换数据源无效

  • 请确认注解没有放到 DAO 层方法上, 因为会在 Service 层开启事务,所以当注解在 DAO 层时不会生效
  • 请确认以下 Bean 正确配置:
    @Bean("dynamicDataSource")
    public DataSource dynamicDataSource() {
        DynamicRoutingDataSource dynamicRoutingDataSource = new DynamicRoutingDataSource();
        Map<Object, Object> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>(2);
        dataSourceMap.put("master", master());
        dataSourceMap.put("slave", slave());

        // Set master datasource as default
        dynamicRoutingDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(master());
        // Set master and slave datasource as target datasource
        dynamicRoutingDataSource.setTargetDataSources(dataSourceMap);

        // To put datasource keys into DataSourceContextHolder to judge if the datasource is exist
        DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.dataSourceKeys.addAll(dataSourceMap.keySet());
        return dynamicRoutingDataSource;
    }

    @Bean
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "mybatis")
    public SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean() {
        SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
        // Here is very important, if don't config this, will can't switch datasource
        // put all datasource into SqlSessionFactoryBean, then will autoconfig SqlSessionFactory
        sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dynamicDataSource());
        return sqlSessionFactoryBean;
    }

4. @Transactional 注解无效,发生异常不回滚

  • 请确认该 Bean 得到正确配置,并且@TransactionalrollbackFor 配置正确
    @Bean
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dynamicDataSource());
    }
    

5. 通过 AOP 判断 DAO 层方法名时切换数据源无效

当切面指向了 DAO 层后无论如何设置切面的顺序,都无法在执行查询之前切换数据源,但是切面改为 Service 层后可以正常工作

  • 解决方法: 请确认 @Transactional 注解是加在方法上而不是 Service 类上,添加了 @Transactional 的方法因为在 Service 层开启了事务, 会在事务结束之后才会切换数据源

  • 检出 DataSourceTransactionManager Bean 注入正确

    @Bean 
    public PlatformTransactionManager transactionManager() {
        return new DataSourceTransactionManager(dynamicDataSource());
    }

6. The dependencies of some of the beans in the application context form a cycle

  • 错误信息:
The dependencies of some of the beans in the application context form a cycle:

   produceController (field private cn.com.hellowood.dynamicdatasource.service.ProductService cn.com.hellowood.dynamicdatasource.controller.ProduceController.productService)
      ↓
   productService (field private cn.com.hellowood.dynamicdatasource.mapper.ProductDao cn.com.hellowood.dynamicdatasource.service.ProductService.productDao)
      ↓
   productDao defined in file [/Users/hehuimin/Downloads/Dev/SpringBoot/DynamicDataSource/out/production/classes/cn/com/hellowood/dynamicdatasource/mapper/ProductDao.class]
      ↓
   sqlSessionFactoryBean defined in class path resource [cn/com/hellowood/dynamicdatasource/configuration/DataSourceConfigurer.class]
┌─────┐
|  dynamicDataSource defined in class path resource [cn/com/hellowood/dynamicdatasource/configuration/DataSourceConfigurer.class]
↑     ↓
|  master defined in class path resource [cn/com/hellowood/dynamicdatasource/configuration/DataSourceConfigurer.class]
↑     ↓
|  dataSourceInitializer
└─────┘

这是因为在注入 DataSource 的实例的时候产生了循环调用,第一个注入的 Bean 依赖于其他的 Bean, 而被依赖的 Bean 产生依赖传递,依赖第一个 注入的 Bean, 陷入了循环,无法启动项目

  • 解决方法:将 @Primary 注解指向没有依赖的 Bean,如:

    /**
     * master DataSource
     * @Primary 注解用于标识默认使用的 DataSource Bean,因为有三个 DataSource Bean,该注解可用于 master
     * 或 slave DataSource Bean, 但不能用于 dynamicDataSource Bean, 否则会产生循环调用 
     * 
     * @ConfigurationProperties 注解用于从 application.properties 文件中读取配置,为 Bean 设置属性 
     * @return data source
     */
    @Bean("master")
    @Primary
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "application.server.db.master")
    public DataSource master() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("slave")
    @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "application.server.db.slave")
    public DataSource slave() {
        return DataSourceBuilder.create().build();
    }

    @Bean("dynamicDataSource")
    public DataSource dynamicDataSource() {
        DynamicRoutingDataSource dynamicRoutingDataSource = new DynamicRoutingDataSource();
        Map<Object, Object> dataSourceMap = new HashMap<>(2);
        dataSourceMap.put("master", master());
        dataSourceMap.put("slave", slave());

        // Set master datasource as default
        dynamicRoutingDataSource.setDefaultTargetDataSource(master());
        // Set master and slave datasource as target datasource
        dynamicRoutingDataSource.setTargetDataSources(dataSourceMap);

        // To put datasource keys into DataSourceContextHolder to judge if the datasource is exist
        DynamicDataSourceContextHolder.dataSourceKeys.addAll(dataSourceMap.keySet());
        return dynamicRoutingDataSource;
    }